The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
The overall goal is to investigate the effectiveness of a novel intervention - Breathing-controlled electrical stimulation (BreEStim) on finger flexor spasticity reduction and hand function improvement in chronic stroke with moderate impairment after a long-term use.
Inclusion criteria: * has post stroke ≥ 6 months , medically stable; * Unilateral, single stroke (no restriction on type (ischemic or hemorrhagic) or volume (large or small) of stroke); * MAS score ≥ 1, i.e., detectable finger flexor hypertonia; Exclusion criteria include: * Patients with visual deficit/neglect; hearing or cognitive impairment; * Patients with history of pulmonary disease (Asthma, chronic obstruction pulmonary disease, COPD); * Patients that are currently adjusting tone alternating medications (e.g., baclofen), or * Patients received botulinum toxin injection to the arm/fin…
BreEStim will be applied for 10 to 20 minutes per session for multiple sessions
EStim will be applied for 10 to 20 minutes per session for multiple sessions
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