Phase I/II Study to Reduce Post-transplantation Cyclophosphamide Dosing for Older or Unfit Patients Undergoing Bone Marrow Transplantation for Hematologic Malignancies

Summary

Background: Certain blood cancers can be treated with blood or bone marrow transplants. Sometimes the donor cells attack the recipient's body, called graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide helps reduce the risk and severity of GVHD. Researchers want to learn if using a lower dose of cyclophosphamide may reduce the drug's side effects while maintaining its effectiveness. Such an approach is being used in an ongoing clinical study at the NIH with promising results, but this approach has not been tested for transplants using lower doses of chemotherapy/radiation prior to the transplant. Objective: To learn if using a lower dose of cyclophosphamide will help people have a successful transplant and have fewer problems and side effects. Eligibility: Adults ages 18-85 who have a blood cancer that did not respond well to standard treatments or is at high risk for relapse without transplant, and their donors. Design: Participants may be screened with the following: Medical history Physical exam Blood and urine tests Heart and lung tests Body imaging scans (they may get a contrast agent) Spinal tap Bone marrow biopsy Participants will be hospitalized for 4-6 weeks. They will have a central venous catheter placed in a chest or neck vein. It will be used to give medicines, transfusions, and the donor cells, and to take blood. In the week before transplant, they will get 2 chemotherapy drugs and radiation. After the transplant, they will get the study drug for 2 days. They will take other drugs for up to 2 months. Participants must stay near NIH for 3 months after discharge for weekly study visits. Then they will have visits every 3-12 months until 5 years after transplant. Participants and donors will give blood, bone marrow, saliva, cheek swab, urine, and stool samples for research.

Description

Eligibility

Age range

12–85 years

Sex

All

Healthy volunteers

Yes

Interventions

• Drug
  Mycophenolate Mofetil

  15 mg/kg orally or IV three times daily (max 1000 mg/dose) starting on day +5, continued through day +35. May be continued beyond the protocol specified stop date if there is GVHD or mixed chimerism.

• Procedure
  Allogeneic HSCT

  Stem cell transplant

• Drug
  Fludarabine

  30 mg/m2 IV infusion over 30-60 minutes once daily for 5 days (Pre-Transplant days -6 through -2).

• Drug
  Sirolimus

  Loading dose of 6 mg orally given on day +5 (calculated based on actual body weight, max initial dose 6 mg), then maintenance dose starting at 2 mg orally daily on day +6 with dose adjustments to maintain a trough of 5-12 ng/ml, continued through day +60 with no taper. May be continued beyond the protocol specified stop date if there is GVHD or mixed chimerism.

• Drug
  Filgrastim

  begins on day +5 at a dose of 5 mcg/kg/day (actual body weight) IV or subcutaneously, until the absolute neutrophil count is \> 1,000/mm3 over the course of three days or \> 5,000/mm3 on one day. Rounding to the nearest vial is allowed. G-CSF may be stopped early or not administered if required by the clinical circumstance. Additional G-CSF may be administered as warranted.

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