The Effects of Increasing Caloric Intake on Diet-Induced Thermogenesis and 24h Energy Expenditure
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Summary
Background: Diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) is the amount of energy one s body uses to eat food, absorb the nutrients from the food, and process those nutrients. Researchers would like to understand more about how changing the balances of protein, fat, carbohydrates, and total calories in the diet can affect DIT. Objective: To learn how different diets can change a person s DIT. Eligibility: Healthy people aged 18 to 60 years who have not intentionally lost weight in the past 6 months. Design: Participants will stay in a clinic for about 35 days. They will eat only the food provided. They will receive 8 different diets during the study, including 7 test diets. Participants will undergo multiple tests. They will be screened with blood and urine tests and a test of their heart function. During the first few days: Their waist, thigh, and neck circumference will be measured. They will have a DXA scan: They will lie on a padded table for about 20 minutes while an instrument measures the amount of fat in their body. They will be tested for diabetes. They will answer questionnaires about topics including eating behavior, hunger, and stress. Throughout the study: Their weight will be measured daily. Blood tests will be repeated. They will stay in a metabolic chamber a total of 9 times. They will remain in a closed room for 24 hours while researchers monitor the room temperature and levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Participants will collect all their urine for each 24-hour period. ...
Description
Study Description: Diet-Induced Thermogenesis (DIT) has been reported to increase as a function of the amount caloric intake. This study investigated this dose response between calorie intake and energy expenditure using a single liquid meal. By measuring EE over 24 hours in our respiratory chamber, we can capture the full extent of DIT at different caloric doses in relation to energy balance. Furthermore, we will investigate inter-individual differences in 24hEE response to different calorie loads. This is important as our previous studies demonstrated that individuals with greater EE during…
Eligibility
- Age range
- 18–60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Yes
* INCLUSION CRITERIA: In order to be eligible to participate in this study, an individual must meet all of the following criteria: * Male or female, aged 18-60 years old * No episodes of intentional weight loss over previous 6 months EXCLUSION CRITERIA: An individual who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study: * Current use of tobacco products that exceed "Very Low Dependence" on the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence Tool (score greater than 2) * Diabetes i. Fasting glucose \>= 126 mg/dl or hba1c \>= 6.5% or ii. history of type 1 or…
Interventions
- Dietary Supplement+200% of dietary requirements, 50% of calories from carbohydrates, 20% from protein, and 30% from fat
+200% of energy balance requirements with standard macronutrient balance of 50% of calories from carbohydrates, 20% from protein, and 30% from fat
- Dietary Supplementfasting
Fasting for at least 24 hours
- Dietary Supplement-50% of energy balance requirements. 50% of calories from carbohydrates, 20% from protein, and 30% from fat
-50% of energy balance requirements with standard macronutrient balance of 50% of calories from carbohydrates, 20% from protein, and 30% from fat
- Dietary Supplement+150% of energy balance requirements, 50% of calories from carbohydrates, 20% from protein, and 30% from fat
+150% of energy balance requirements with standard macronutrient balance of 50% of calories from carbohydrates, 20% from protein, and 30% from fat
- Dietary Supplement
Location
- NIDDK, PhoenixPhoenix, Arizona