NOICE: A Prospective, Randomized, Crossover Study (NOICE vs. Nothing)
Stanford University
Summary
This prospective, randomized, 2-period crossover study seeks to evaluate the effect of the non-visual immersive technology-based audio biofeedback intervention, delivered through devices such as NOICE device or Quest 3, on cold pain threshold within participants.
Description
This study addresses the research gap in understanding how non-visual immersive technology-based audio biofeedback intervention impacts pain perception in clinical settings. It is important to explore this because non-visual immersive technology-based audio biofeedback intervention may serve as a non-pharmaceutical, non-visual immersive technology-based audio biofeedback alternative to traditional visual-based distraction methods like virtual reality. The investigators hypothesize that participants using the non-visual immersive technology-based audio biofeedback device will report an increas…
Eligibility
- Age range
- 18–99 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria: * Ages 18 years and older * English-speaking * Intact hearing * No self-reported or clinically diagnosed acute or chronic medical conditions that may affect safe participation Exclusion Criteria: * Use chronotropic heart medications * Use pain medications * Current hearing loss * Currently taking beta blockers, or opioids or other prescription pain medications * History of chronic pain or acute pain syndromes
Interventions
- BehavioralNon-visual immersive technology-based audio biofeedback intervention
Participants receive real-time auditory feedback during cold pain endurance tasks.
- BehavioralControl (No non-visual immersive technology-based audio biofeedback)
Participants complete the same cold pain endurance tasks without any non-visual immersive technology-based auditory feedback.
Location
- Lucile Packard Childrens Hospital StanfordPalo Alto, California