Neurophysiological, Behavioral, and Cognitive Networks in Movement Disorders
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Summary
The purpose of this study is to investigate the brain activity associated with motor and non-motor symptoms of movement disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor. These movement disorders commonly have significant non-motor features, such as depression, cognitive and memory impairment, decreased attention, speech and language disturbances, and slower processing speeds. The investigators are interested in the brain activity associated with these motor and non-motor symptoms, and propose to investigate changes in brain activity while the investigators perform recordings of the surface and deep structures of the brain, in addition to the typical recordings the investigators perform, during routine deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery.
Description
Movement disorders are a prominent cause of disability worldwide. In the United States, it is estimated that more than 4 million people suffer from Parkinson's disease (PD), essential tremor (ET), and dystonia, making them some of the most prevalent of neurologic disorders. Of these, PD is the most common, and is primarily characterized by tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. However, though primarily characterized by motor symptoms, many patients also have prominent non-motor features, including depression and cognitive impairment, with deficiencies in processing speed, memory, attention, and…
Eligibility
- Age range
- 18+ years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria: * Eligible for DBS surgery based on multi-disciplinary consensus review * Have a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease or Essential Tremor * A minimum of 18 years of age * Willingness to participate in the paradigms described in the protocol Exclusion Criteria: * Inability to provide full and informed consent * Are not surgical candidates due to co-morbid conditions or pregnancy * Have not undergone an adequate trial of conservative medical management * Have a clinical presentation for which DBS surgery is not indicated * Are not able to participate in study-related activitie…
Interventions
- ProcedureResponse Inhibition and Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's disease
After creation of the burr hole and prior to DBS electrode placement, 1-2 subdural strip electrodes will be placed anteriorly or posteriorly from the cranial opening. These electrodes are routinely placed using this technique for seizure mapping, with arrays of electrodes (up to 6) being placed around the perimeter of the opening.14 Subdural strips vary in length and contact size (e.g., the 6-contact Ad-Tech strip), and are currently placed predominantly for studies of sensorimotor function,13 including at our institution (IRB-140327003). Placement over prefrontal areas is performed at other institutions.11-13 The DBS surgery will then proceed according to routine practice, and following lead placement in the optimal desired location, the research task paradigm will begin.
Location
- University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, Alabama