Metabolic and Bio-behavioral Effects of Following Recommendations in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans
USDA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center
Summary
This study, at the Western Human Nutrition Research Center (WHNRC), will focus on whether or not achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight is the most important health promoting recommendation of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA).The investigators hypothesize that improvement in cardiometabolic risk factors resulting from eating a DGA style diet will be greater in people whose energy intake is restricted to result in weight loss compared to those who maintain their weight. The investigators further propose that during a state of energy restriction, a higher nutrient quality diet such as the DGA style diet pattern, will result in greater improvement in cardiometabolic risk factors compared to a typical American diet (TAD) pattern that tends to be lower nutrient quality (more energy-dense and less nutrient-rich.)
Description
This will be a 28-week study including pre-diet testing (week 1), an 8-week controlled feeding period, post-diet testing (week 10), a follow-up period of dietary education and observation, and end of study testing (week 28). During the 8 week feeding, participants will be randomly assigned one of the following diets: 1. DGA Mediterranean diet pattern at sufficient energy level to maintain body weight (energy balance) 2. DGA Mediterranean diet pattern at a moderately reduced energy level (negative energy balance) 3. TAD diet pattern at a moderately reduced energy level (negative energy balance…
Eligibility
- Age range
- 19–64 years
- Sex
- Female
- Healthy volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria: * Body Mass Index (BMI) 23-39.9 kg/m2 or 32-50% body fat percentage * Willingness to have blood drawn * The criteria listed above and at least one of the following: Fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL but \<126 mg/dL or Fasting triglyceride ≥125 mg/dL or HDL-cholesterol ≤50 mg/dL or Blood Pressure (BP): Systolic BP ≥130 mmHg or Diastolic BP ≥85 mmHg or Hemoglobin A1C ≥ 5.7 and \<6.5% Exclusion Criteria: * Active participation in another research study * Tested positive for COVID-19 within the past 10 days * Been in close contact with a COVID-19 positive person within the past 14…
Interventions
- OtherDGA Mediterranean diet pattern, energy balance
Foods and beverages will be provided for participants for eight weeks. During the controlled feeding portion of the study the DGA Mediterranean diet pattern will be based on the Table A7-1 of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans which outlines daily nutritional goals for age-sex groups based on Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) and dietary guidelines recommendations.
- OtherDGA Mediterranean diet pattern, negative energy balance
Foods and beverages will be provided for participants for eight weeks. During the controlled feeding portion of the study the DGA Mediterranean diet pattern will be based on the Table A7-1 of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans which outlines daily nutritional goals for age-sex groups based on Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) and dietary guidelines recommendations
- OtherTAD diet pattern, negative energy balance
Foods and beverages will be provided for participants for eight weeks. During the controlled feeding portion of the study the be based on evidence collected from What We Eat in America (WWEIA) data. Based on this data the participants will be provided a diet that reflects American dietary trends.
Location
- UC Davis, Western Human Nutrition Research CenterDavis, California