Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Oxytocin in Cesarean Delivery
University of Chicago
Summary
Oxytocin is the first-line drug to promote contraction of the uterus and prevent atony immediately after delivery. Nonetheless, unpredictable uterine atony refractory to oxytocin affects roughly 250,000 parturients annually in the U.S. and rates are increasing. This two-part study will measure the action of oxytocin at cesarean delivery. The first part will measure the pharmacokinetics of a single intravenous (IV) dose of deuterium-labeled oxytocin. The second part will measure the pharmacodynamics of all plasma oxytocin to see how concentrations correspond to the contractile effect on the uterus. After delivery of the fetus, study subjects will receive a bolus of IV deuterated oxytocin followed by an unlabeled oxytocin infusion. Venous blood samples drawn at multiple time points (within 1 hour after delivery) will be analyzed for plasma concentrations of labeled and unlabeled (endogenous + exogenous infused) oxytocin over time. Plasma concentrations will be compared with 0-10 uterine tone scores measuring uterine contraction strength, to describe the concentration-effect relationship. The goal of this study is to define both the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oxytocin in parturients to help identify the cause(s) of failed first-line oxytocin therapy.
Description
Parturients aged 18-50 with an intrauterine term pregnancy (37 weeks or greater) undergoing non-emergent cesarean delivery at the University of Chicago (UC) and Stanford University will be recruited. Methods: All subjects will receive standard pre-, intra- and postoperative care for their cesarean delivery with additional study interventions. Study subjects will have an additional intravenous (IV) catheter inserted for intra-operative study-related blood draws. A single, 1 International Unit (IU) bolus of deuterated oxytocin (d5OT) will be given to the subject, followed by an infusion of st…
Eligibility
- Age range
- 18–50 years
- Sex
- Female
- Healthy volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria * 18-50 years old * intrauterine pregnancy * term (\>39 weeks gestation or 37-39 weeks gestation with fetal or maternal medical indication for delivery) pregnancy * non-emergent (scheduled or unscheduled) cesarean delivery Exclusion Criteria: * allergy or contraindication to oxytocin * inability to provide informed consent
Interventions
- Drugdeuterated oxytocin (d5OT)
Subjects will receive a 1 IU bolus of deuterated oxytocin (d5OT) intraoperatively during their nonemergent cesarean delivery.
Locations (2)
- Stanford UniversityStanford, California
- University of ChicagoChicago, Illinois