The Effect of Acoustic Enhancement of Slow-Wave Activity on Cognitive Control and Emotional Reactivity in Young Adults With Anxiety and Depression Symptoms
Michelle Stepan
Summary
In this study, the investigators will recruit young adults (ages 18-25 years) with elevated anxiety/depression symptoms and sleep disturbance. Participants will complete two overnights in a sleep lab. During one of the overnights, slow-wave activity will be enhanced by delivering sub-arousal auditory tones during slow-wave sleep using a headband device (Philips SmartSleep or Dreem 2). During the other overnight, tones will not be administered. Cognitive and emotional processes will be evaluated using behavioral task performance, self-report, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). After the second overnight, participants will take the headband device home and wear it every night for approximately 2 weeks. For half of the participants, the headband will play tones every night and, for the other half, the headband will not play tones. Participants will then return for a final testing visit in which cognitive and emotional processes and anxiety/depression symptoms will be assessed using behavioral task performance and self-report.
Description
When interested participants are identified through recruitment methods, they will be directed to complete an online screening survey. The aim of this screening is to ensure that participants meet minimal study inclusion/exclusion criteria and to avoid an unnecessary in-person visit to the lab. Based on the online screening, eligible participants will be contacted by study personnel for scheduling for the in-lab baseline visit. During the baseline visit, informed consent will be obtained. The investigators will also perform additional screening, a hearing test, and an audio recording of the p…
Eligibility
- Age range
- 18–25 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age 18-25. Equal numbers of men and women will be included. 2. Normal hearing. 3. Elevated anxiety or depression symptoms. This will be determined using the PROMIS anxiety and PROMIS depression scales. Participants with T-scores ≥ 60 (i.e., ≥ than 1 standard deviation above the mean) on either or both scales will be eligible for participation. 4. Elevated sleep disturbance. This will be determined using the PROMIS sleep disturbance scale. Participants with T-scores ≥ 55 on the PROMIS sleep disturbance scale will be eligible for participation. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Pr…
Interventions
- DeviceAcoustic Stimulation (STIM)
During the in-lab overnight, a headband device will be used to administer acoustic stimulation. Tones will be played during slow-wave sleep to enhance underlying slow-wave activity (0.5 - 4 Hz delta spectral power).
- DeviceNo Acoustic Stimulation (SHAM)
During the in-lab overnight, the participant will wear a headband device, but the device will not administer acoustic stimulation. The device will be on and will still monitor sleep, but will not play tones.
- DeviceDaily acoustic stimulation (STIM2)
During the \~2 weeks at home, a headband device will be used to administer acoustic stimulation. Tones will be played during slow-wave sleep to enhance underlying slow-wave activity (0.5 - 4 Hz delta spectral power).
- DeviceNo daily acoustic stimulation (SHAM2)
During the \~2 weeks at home, the participant will wear a headband device, but the device will not administer acoustic stimulation. The device will be on and will still monitor sleep, but will not play tones.
Location
- University of PittsburghPittsburgh, Pennsylvania