Restoring Spindle and Thalamocortical Efficiency in Early-Course Schizophrenia Patients Using Closed-Loop Auditory Stimulation
Fabio Ferrarelli
Summary
The purpose of this research is to identify differences in brain activity during sleep between health individuals and individuals with schizophrenia, schizophreniform, or schizoaffective disorder. This study will also investigate whether tones played during deep sleep can enhance specific features of sleep and whether enhancing such features is related to an improvement in cognitive performance.
Description
The overarching goal of the proposed study is to establish sleep spindle and slow wave abnormalities as early pathophysiological biomarkers of schizophrenia (SCZ). The investigators also seek to enhance spindle and slow wave deficits in EC-SCZ by utilizing a closed-loop auditory stimulation during sleep. The investigators will assess improvement of deficits with the use of a memory consolidation task before and after sleeping. Participants will include early-course schizophrenia (EC-SCZ) subjects and healthy controls (HC). Participants will complete several assessments, including clinical eva…
Eligibility
- Age range
- 18–40 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria: Early-course schizophrenia (EC-SCZ): 1. ages 18-40 years 2. current DSM-IV defined diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizophreniform or schizoaffective disorder, not drug-induced, with no previously reported psychotic episode 3. duration of ≤5 years from beginning of psychosis, defined by report of symptoms and/or history of treatment according to clinical guidelines employed in our University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) psychoses clinics in Pittsburgh 4. lifetime exposure to antipsychotic medications ≤5 years Healthy controls (HC): 1. ages 18-40 years 2. no lifetime…
Interventions
- DeviceClosed-loop auditory stimulation
Closed-loop auditory stimulation will be administered by a wearable EEG device (Philips SmartSleep Deep Sleep Headband). The EEG device will deliver auditory stimulation when slow-wave (deep) sleep is detected. Auditory stimulation will consist of 50ms long tones separated from each other by a fixed one-second inter-tone interval. The volume of each tone will be linearly modulated by sleep-depth such that louder (or softer) tones were played during deeper (or shallower) sleep.
- DeviceSham auditory stimulation
Sham auditory stimulation consists of closed-loop auditory stimulation not being administered. A wearable EEG device (Philips SmartSleep Deep Sleep Headband) will not deliver closed-loop auditory stimulation and tones will not be played.
Location
- University of PittsburghPittsburgh, Pennsylvania