Cortical Mechanisms of Speech in Noise Perception in Autism and Fragile X Syndrome
Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati
Summary
The goal of this study is to identify which brain regions are active during speech-in-noise perception, as well as how those regions interact. The investigators are studying brain activation during speech-in-noise in autism and controls as well as individuals with Fragile X Syndrome. The main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: 1) How does the brain's response to background noise affect a person's ability to understand speech? 2) Can visual cues improve hearing in background noise? Participants will complete the following: * hearing tests * cognitive and behavioral measures * questionnaires about their symptoms * both passive and active hearing tasks while brain activity is recorded with a neuroimaging cap Results will be compared between individuals with autism with and without Fragile X Syndrome as well as individuals without autism.
Description
Participants will be 15-35 year-olds with autism, Fragile X Syndrome and autism, and a typical developing group, matched on age and sex (n=20 per group). These ages are wide enough to support sufficient recruitment without the potential confound of age-related hearing loss. The investigators will not exclude participants in either autism group based on cognitive ability if they are able to complete study tasks; the investigators expect to determine effects of cognitive and language abilities on neural activation statistically by modeling continuous effects of IQ on findings. Recruitment Strat…
Eligibility
- Age range
- 15–35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria: 1. normal audiograms (PTA ≤ 20 dB HL) 2. corrected 20/20 vision (Snellen chart) 3. no history of premature birth (prior to 36 weeks gestation) 4. no medications known to affect EEG signal 5. English as the first language Inclusion for the Autism group requires the following: 1\) diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder either based on previous ADOS administration and developmental history, or confirmed via ADOS and developmental history Inclusion for the Autism + FXS group requires the following: 1. Documented PCR/Southern Blot genetic testing confirming full mutation FXS…
Interventions
- BehavioralMismatch negativity
Event related potentials are compared between frequent and infrequent speech sounds (i.e., "ba" vs "da").
Location
- Cincinnati Children'S HospitalCincinnati, Ohio