Washington University School of Medicine
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about brain waves during transauricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in healthy children. The main questions it aims to answer are: * What is the safety, tolerability, and physiological response of taVNS in children? * Does the electroencephalogram (EEG) change during taVNS? Participants will * undergo a brief titration session where taVNS will be titrated to below perceptual threshold * receive one session of 30 minutes of taVNS * undergo clinical EEG monitoring during taVNS * Continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring via pulse oximetry and blood pressure every 5 minutes * Answer tolerability questions before, during and after 30 minute taVNS session
Inclusion Criteria: * Admitted for clinical EEG for spell characterization at investigator's institution Exclusion Criteria: * known history of brain injury * known history of bradycardia * congenital heart disease * pregnant * pacemaker or wearable defibrillator * undergoing active cancer treatment
Recently, implantable VNS received FDA approval for augmenting motor recovery from ischemic stroke-induced hemiplegia when used during standard physical and occupational therapy sessions. VNS is FDA-approved for epilepsy therapy in children and is used for generalized refractory epilepsy. VNS may be achieved through an implantable stimulator on the left vagus nerve in the carotid sheath, or transcutaneously through the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (taVNS). All participants will be fitted with the device by attaching adhesive contacts to the left ear. Stimulation sessions will occur once for 30 minutes. The investigators will obtain baseline measure, tolerability questionnaires, vital signs, and EEG data.
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