Senthil Sadhasivam
The goal of this observational study is to learn about the long term effects of prenatal opioid exposure. The main objectives are: * Long term goal: to improve the safety and efficacy of maternal Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) and eliminate neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) and poor childhood neurodevelopment. * To characterize prenatal opioid exposure (POE) related placental and fetal brain structural and functional disruptions using longitudinal placenta-fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and determine proteomic, genomic, and epigenetic signatures of NOWS and poor infant neurodevelopment. In this study participants will: * Receive two placental-fetal MRIs, one during second trimester and one in third trimester. * Answer surveys relating to their medical and social history. * Have blood drawn during pregnancy and delivery. * Child development follow up: answer surveys on their child's development milestones and at one year of life they will undergo a development assessment.
Pregnant women with opioid use disorder Inclusion Criteria: * Age \>18 years * Currently taking buprenorphine or methadone for OUD and are enrolled in a prenatal opioid maintenance program * Singleton Pregnancy * Planned delivery at Indiana University or University of Pittsburgh study sites Exclusion Criteria: * Serious maternal medical illness as deemed by study physician investigators that would make it challenging to comply with study procedures * Known or suspected major fetal/ neonatal congenital abnormalities * HIV or AIDS Infants with prenatal opioid exposure: Inclusion: 1. Prena…
Pregnant mothers must be taking Buprenorphine or Methadone
Two MRIs : * Second Trimester * Third Trimester
At 1 year of life child will receive a developmental assessment
Participants will answer questionnaires on their medical history, pregnancy, substance use, and after birth: their child's development
At each MRI visit a blood sample will be collected for substances, DNA, RNA, epigenetics, and placental biomarkers. At delivery: A sample of placenta will be collected for RNA, DNA, and epigenetic analysis.