Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in obesity-induced insulin resistance and likely impact the development of cardiovascular disease. However, little is known on how EVs affect vascular insulin action in people. The purpose of this study is to understand how EVs play a role in type 2 diabetes related cardiovascular disease. This research will also study if exercise can change how EVs impact blood flow and metabolic health. This study will contribute to designing precision medicine to treat/prevent cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes.
Insulin resistance is a key underlying factor promoting hyperglycemia and hypertension in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), who have a 3-fold greater cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk when compared with healthy controls. Despite several therapeutic approaches that favor insulin sensitivity through a variety of purported mechanisms (e.g. weight loss, incretins, AMPK activation, reduction in bioactive lipids: DAG/ceramides, etc.), long-term progression of glucose deterioration occurs. This suggests adjunctive targets may be important to prevent/reverse T2D. Studies show that extracellular vesic…
Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female 30 - 80 years old. * HbA1c \<5.7% and fasting glucose \<100mg/dl to be considered NGT * T2D diagnosis or confirmation HbA1c ≥6.5% and fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl * Prescribed metformin, GLP-1 agonists (oral/injectable), TZDs, DPP-IV inhibitors, Acarbose, SGLT-2 inhibitors ≥6 year. * Has a body mass index of 20-24.99 or 25.0-45 kg/m2. * Not diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. * Not currently engaged in \>150 min/wk of exercise. Exclusion Criteria: * Participants with morbid obesity (BMI \>45 kg/m2) and underweight patients (BMI: ≤18 kg/m2). * Intolerance to in…
Supervised treadmill exercise at 85% VO2max, 3x/wk for 16 weeks. Exercise duration will be adjusted based on individual VO2-heart rate (HR) relationship so that \~400 kcals will be expended during each training session.
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