Cardiometabolic Benefit of Reducing Iatrogenic Hyperinsulinemia Using Insulin Adjunctive Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Summary
This study aims to understand the heart and blood sugar health benefits of using an adjunctive therapy to lower high insulin levels in people with type 1 diabetes. The investigators will also look at people with a specific type of diabetes called Glucokinase-Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (GCK-MODY) and those without diabetes to help interpret the results. The investigators will use a medication that helps the body get rid of sugar, called and SGLT2 inhibitor, with the goal to reduce the body's insulin requirements. The investigators believe this could lead to better heart and blood sugar health, including a better response to insulin and more available nitric oxide, a gas that helps blood vessels function well. The investigators will compare heart and blood sugar health risk factors in participants with type 1 diabetes, participants with Glucokinase-Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (GCK-MODY), and non-diabetic healthy volunteers under two conditions: high insulin levels typical of type 1 diabetes and normal insulin levels typical of the other two groups.
Eligibility
- Age range
- 18–60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria: Age: 18-60 years BMI: 18-28 kg/m² Weight: ≥ 50 kg T1DM Participants: Duration of T1DM: 1-30 years HbA1c: 5.7-7.5% Insulin Therapy: Using automated insulin delivery GCK-MODY Participants: HbA1c: 5.7-7.5% Genetic Confirmation: Positive GCK sequencing Control Participants: HbA1c: less than 5.5% \*\* Exclusion Criteria: Severe Hypoglycemia: ≥1 episode in the past 3 months Comorbidities: * Any hospital admissions for diabetic ketoacidosis in the past 6 months * SBP greater than 140 mmHg and DBP greater than 100 mmHg * eGFR by MDRD equation of less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m…
Interventions
- ProcedureStudy Visit 1
Hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) study. The study will randomize participants to first receive a five-hour intravenous insulin infusion to achieve normal plasma insulin concentrations (Eu-Ins) or higher plasma insulin concentrations (Hi-Ins)
- DrugPlacebo
* T1DM participants in the Hi-Ins study will receive an oral placebo. During the Eu-Ins study they will receive an SGLT2i. * CGK-MODY participants and healthy volunteers will receive placebo in both studies.
- ProcedureStudy Visit 2
Hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) study. Insulin levels infused during the five-hour insulin infusion will be opposite of the first visit.
- DrugSodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitor
Concurrent with starting the five-hour infusion, T1DM participants in the Eu-Ins study will receive an SGLT2i dose (empagliflozin 25 mg).
Location
- Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashville, Tennessee