Kaiser Permanente
The goal of this blinded randomized controlled trial is to assess whether AI-assisted TTE interpretation can improve cardiologist efficiency and reduce interpretation variability while preserving accuracy compared to current methods in adult patients whose historical echocardiogram images were performed. The main questions it aims to answer is to: 1. Assess overall transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) interpretation accuracy of an AI-assisted workflow compared to standard cardiologist-only and sonographer-assisted workflows to hypothesize if AI-assisted workflow for echocardiography interpretation is non-inferior in accuracy compared to standard workflows. 2. Evaluate cardiologist interpretation time using an AI-assisted workflow compared to standard cardiologist-only and sonographer-assisted workflows to determine if an AI-assisted workflow will result in a decrease in interpretation time compared to the cardiologist-only workflow. 3. To compare interpretation consistency and reliability compared to historical reports as well as consensus reports of all finalized cardiologist reports.
Inclusion Criteria: * ≥ 18 years of age * Comprehensive transthoracic echocardiogram study performed a KPNC Medical Center. Exclusion Criteria: * Known Congenital heart disease study * Known Ventricular assist device * Limited transthoracic echocardiogram study * Transesophageal echocardiogram study * Stress echocardiogram study
Echocardiogram studies are pre-interpreted by the AI software and finalized by a blinded cardiologist.
(Standard of Care 1): Echocardiogram studies are pre-interpreted by a sonographer and finalized by a blinded cardiologist.
(Standard of Care 2): Echocardiogram studies are interpreted solely by two cardiologists (one provides a preliminary interpretation another provides a blinded final interpretation).