Intermittent Cottonseed Oil Consumption on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction
University of Georgia
Summary
Cardiovascular disease risk factors, including higher BMIs and poor cholesterol profiles, are on the rise and contribute to the United States' growing disease burden. Cottonseed oil (CSO) is found readily in the food supply, and the investigator's previous studies have demonstrated that incorporating CSO into the diet is sufficient to improve fasting and postprandial blood lipids and other markers of chronic disease risk in both healthy and at-risk populations. This study aims to examine the impact of intermittent CSO consumption at different doses (consumed three times per week (3x/wk)) on changes in fasting and postprandial lipid metabolism/blood lipids and markers of chronic disease risk. The specific aims are: \*Examine the impact of intermittent CSO consumption (3x/week) at two different doses on fasting and postprandial lipids. \*Examine the impact of intermittent CSO consumption (3x/week) at two different doses on other markers of chronic disease risk. Participants will be asked to: \*Consume provided meal replacement shakes and snacks 3 times per week for 56 days. \*Attend three bi-weekly (every other week) short visits for fasting blood draws, body measurements, and collection of the next two weeks' study materials. \*Attend two longer (5.5h) testing visits, which include eating a standardized breakfast meal and having blood drawn periodically before and after breakfast. Researchers will compare CSO-30, CSO-20, and Control groups (receiving no oil) to see if intermittent CSO consumption imparts the same health benefits as previously shown with daily doses of CSO.
Description
Accounting for nearly 1 in every 4 deaths in the U.S., cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death for adults. One risk factor for CVD is hypercholesterolemia, which can double the risk for this disease. Cottonseed oil is a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Despite having a relatively high amount of saturated fatty acids, preliminary studies demonstrate that incorporating CSO into a diet at 30% and 20% of daily energy needs is sufficient to reduce blood lipid profiles and select postprandial measures of metabolism. These improvements in lipid metabolism may be…
Eligibility
- Age range
- 25–75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria: * 25-75 year-old men and women at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Increased risk for cardiovascular disease will be defined by either elevated cholesterol profiles -or- overweight/obesity. * Elevated cholesterol profiles will be defined as: * "Borderline High" and/or "at risk" in two of more of the following variables (total cholesterol: 180-239 mg/dL, LDL cholesterol 110-159 mg/dL, triglycerides 130-199 mg/dL) --or-- * "High" in total cholesterol (240 mg/dL and higher), LDL (160 mg/dL or higher), or triglycerides (between 200-350 mg/dL). Exclusion Criteria: *…
Interventions
- OtherCSO-30
Participants are provided a breakfast shake and snack to consume 3 times per week that meets 30% of participant's daily estimated energy needs as cottonseed oil for 56 days.
- OtherCSO-20
Participants are provided a breakfast shake and snack to consume 3 times per week that meets 20% of participant's daily estimated energy needs as cottonseed oil for 56 days.
- OtherControl
Participants are provided a breakfast shake and snack to consume 3 times per week that does not contain cottonseed oil, but does contain thickened water for blinding purposes, for 56 days.
Location
- University of GeorgiaAthens, Georgia