Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of BBD-1 Multi-target Immune Enhancement Targeting Agent in the Treatment of Hypersensitivity Reaction (IgA) Vasculitis Compare the Efficacy of BBD-1 Multi-target Immune Enhancement Targeting Agent With Glucocorticoids, Providing Reference for the Registration of BBD-1 Multi-target Immune Enhancement Targeting Agent and the Rational and Standardized Use of BBD-1 Multi-target Immune Enhancement Targeting Agent by Clinical Doctors in the Future

Summary

Hypersensitivity (IgA) vasculitis is a common vascular allergic disease, the cause of which is not yet clear, and may involve infection, immune disorders, heredity and other factors. It belongs to the category of immune diseases. The disease can be divided into simple type, abdominal type, joint type, renal type and mixed type allergic purpura according to the location of the disease. The annual incidence rate is about 6.1 to 55.9 cases per 100000 people. The highest incidence rate is among children aged 2 to 6 years. When the kidneys are affected, this condition is called IgAV nephritis (IgAVN), affecting approximately 20% to 80% of IgAV patients, making it one of the most common secondary glomerular diseases in this population. At the same time, skin redness, itching, and joint pain caused by hypersensitivity reaction (IgA) vasculitis also seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Most IgAVN cases are mild or self limiting; However, some patients may experience severe kidney involvement, manifested as nephrotic syndrome, significant proteinuria, elevated serum creatinine levels, hypertension, persistent proteinuria, and kidney biopsy results showing more than 50% crescent shaped involvement. Research has shown that approximately 10% to 20% of patients with moderate to severe proteinuria caused by IgAVN may develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and persistent proteinuria has been identified as an independent risk factor for poor prognosis of IgAVN. At present, clinical treatment mainly relies on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, anti allergic and antihistamines, anticoagulants, corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors (CNI), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), cyclophosphamide (CTX), and other immunosuppressants. However, some patients may not respond well to conventional treatment, and long-term use of these drugs may lead to various adverse reactions, including infections, metabolic disorders, and growth disorders.