Penn State University
The goal of this study is to examine whether an evening snack of 1 oz of walnuts consumed in place of usual evening snacks for 4 weeks has a beneficial effect on diet quality and sleep quality in adolescents age 13-17 years.
The goal of this study is to test the effects of an evening snack of 1 oz walnuts for four weeks, compared to habitual snacking behavior, on adolescent diet quality and sleep quality. Adolescents (age 13-17 years) will be assigned to complete the walnut intervention and habitual snack condition in a randomized, counterbalanced order, separated by a 4-week washout. Dietary quality will be measured using 24-hour recalls and the Healthy Eating Index, and sleep quality will be measured using actigraphy and daily survey reports of subjective sleep quality and daytime sleepiness. We hypothesize that…
Adolescent Inclusion Criteria: * Age 13 to 17 years * Enrolled in school (secondary education) that has defined start and end times (i.e., traditional in-person school or home/virtual school with a consistent schedule) * Consumes snacks in the evening (between dinner and sleep) on most nights * Able to read and answer questions in English Adolescent Exclusion Criteria: * Sleep disorder (e.g., insomnia, sleep disordered breathing, narcolepsy) * Developmental disorder (e.g., autism, intellectual disability, developmental delay) * Diabetes * Any other medical condition impacting sleep or diet…
Participants will replace their usual evening snack(s) with 1 oz of walnuts each evening for 4 weeks.
Participants will maintain their usual snacking behavior/diet
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