Cognitive Neurocomputational Task Reliability and Clinical Applications Consortium

Summary

In Study 2, investigators will recruit individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) and or schizoaffective disorder (SZA) and healthy controls (HC) using optimized behavioral tasks to replicate the behavioral findings from Study 1 and to assess additional psychometric properties such as test re-test reliability and practice effects. Investigators will obtain data on: A) clinical symptoms, with detailed assessment of hallucinations and delusions; B) community functioning; and C) functional capacity, allowing us to examine clinical validity. To generate a sample with sufficient variation in hallucinations and delusions, investigators will recruit the following groups that balance feasibility with clinical relevance: A) healthy controls \[HC, N=125\]; B) schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder \[SZ/SZA, N=200\]). Investigators anticipate a \~20% screen fail/drop-out rate based upon prior studies. Thus, investigators will run an additional 40 SZ/SZA and 15 HC. Investigators will administer tasks optimized in Aim 1 without electroencephalogram (EEG), to this new sample of individuals with SZ/SZA and HC. All participants will be retested after approximately 28 days and repeat clinical assessments. Although the investigators' goal is to shorten task length using the Study 1 analyses, they will administer longer tasks than optimal for public dissemination in Study 2 to determine the minimum number of trials required for acceptable reliability. Study 2 will use the same clinical and functional measures as Study 1.

Description

Eligibility

Age range

18–59 years

Sex

All

Healthy volunteers

Yes

Interventions

• Behavioral
  Motion Perception Task

  Assesses updating of beliefs from new sensory inputs with prior knowledge via perceiving direction changes in random dot motion stimuli

• Behavioral
  Sine Wave Speech Task

  Measures the degree to which overweighting of prior beliefs impacts processing of sensory inputs (detection of speech).

• Behavioral
  Volatility Task

  Measures the updating of priors about the location of a bag drop from a helicopter when the location changes (prediction errors).

• Behavioral
  Choice Probabilistic Reversal Task

  Assesses prior belief updating when feedback about obtaining positive outcomes changes (prediction errors).

• Behavioral
  Kamin Blocking Task

  Examines the role of mismatches between learned priors and new information (prediction errors) in belief formation about event causes.

• Behavioral
  Minnesota Trust Game

  Assesses the degree to which people distinguish between their priors about others' motivations, such as selfishness and spite, and impersonal chance in one-shot trust game and dictator games.

• Behavioral
  Dynamic Trust Game

  Assesses degree to which people learn and update priors about trusting partners from dynamic social feedback (prediction error) in a social exchange game.

Locations (5)